## 查看当前节点
df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1 69G 44G 23G 67% /
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 32K 1.9G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 340K 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/1000
## 查看磁盘情况，存在一个未挂载的磁盘
fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0008d207
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 125827071 62912512 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
## 对磁盘进行操作
fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x7cf373af.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199):
Using default value 209715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
## 查看磁盘
fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0008d207
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 125827071 62912512 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x7cf373af
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 209715199 104856576 83 Linux
## 以ext4格式格式化磁盘
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
6553600 inodes, 26214144 blocks
1310707 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2174746624
800 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
## 创建目录
mkdir /datadisk
## 挂载磁盘
mount /dev/vdb1 /datadisk
## 查看当前服务器磁盘情况
df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1 59G 21G 36G 37% /
devtmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
tmpfs 16G 32K 16G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 16G 368K 16G 1% /run
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 3.1G 0 3.1G 0% /run/user/1000
/dev/vdb1 99G 61M 94G 1% /datadisk
## 这里要注意，目前的操作只是一次性的，需要在/etc/fstab文件负责配置Linux开机时自动挂载的分区
第一列可以是实际分区名，也可以是实际分区的卷标（Lable）
第二列是挂载点,挂载点必须为当前已经存在的目录
第三列为此分区的文件系统类型
第四列是挂载的选项，用于设置挂载的参数
auto: 系统自动挂载，fstab默认就是这个选项
defaults: rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, and async.
noauto 开机不自动挂载
nouser 只有超级用户可以挂载
ro 按只读权限挂载
rw 按可读可写权限挂载
user 任何用户都可以挂载
请注意光驱和软驱只有在装有介质时才可以进行挂载，因此它是noauto
第五列是dump备份设置,当其值设置为1时，将允许dump备份程序备份；设置为0时，忽略备份操作；
第六列是fsck磁盘检查设置,其值是一个顺序。当其值为0时，永远不检查；而 / 根目录分区永远都为1。其它分区从2开始，数字越小越先检查，如果两个分区的数字相同，则同时检查。
echo "/dev/vdb1 /datadisk1 ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
## 卸载操作
unmount /dev/vdb1
## 查看当前服务器磁盘情况
df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1 59G 21G 36G 37% /
devtmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
tmpfs 16G 32K 16G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 16G 368K 16G 1% /run
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 3.1G 0 3.1G 0% /run/user/1000
## 上述为常用操作，也可以对一块磁盘进行多次分区
fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 is deleted
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199): 19715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 9.4 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2):
First sector (19715200-209715199, default 19716096):
Using default value 19716096
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (19716096-209715199, default 209715199): 59715199
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 19.1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (3,4, default 3):
First sector (19715200-209715199, default 59715584): 109715199
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (109715199-209715199, default 209715199):
Using default value 209715199
Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 47.7 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
e extended
Select (default e): p
Selected partition 4
First sector (19715200-209715199, default 59715584):
Using default value 59715584
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (59715584-109715198, default 109715198):
Using default value 109715198
Partition 4 of type Linux and of size 23.9 GiB is set
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
## 查看磁盘情况
fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0008d207
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 125827071 62912512 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x7cf373af
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 19715199 9856576 83 Linux
/dev/vdb2 19716096 59715199 19999552 83 Linux
/dev/vdb3 109715199 209715199 50000000+ 83 Linux
/dev/vdb4 59715584 109715198 24999807+ 83 Linux
Partition table entries are not in disk order
## 对/dev/vdb的分区进行删除
fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4, default 4): 4
Partition 4 is deleted
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-3, default 3): 2
Partition 2 is deleted
Command (m for help): wq
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
## 查看磁盘情况
fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0008d207
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 125827071 62912512 83 Linux
Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x7cf373af
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 19715199 9856576 83 Linux
/dev/vdb3 109715199 209715199 50000000+ 83 Linux